NCTI Field Tech III to IV Practice Exam

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• What is the purpose of a trunk in networking?
• What is elastic load balancing?
• What does RADIUS stand for?
• Which notation represents the prefix bits for the subnet mask 255.255.0.0?
• What is an advantage of using active directory for user authentication?
• In an IP address, what is the role of the host portion?
• Which protocol is responsible for discovering devices on a local network?
• What is the primary purpose of a ping test in networking?
• Which protocol is primarily used for assigning IP addresses dynamically?
• Which DHCP code range carries vendor-specific options in a private network?
• What is the primary function of a router?
• What provides user datagram protocol (UDP) with the ability to demultiplex data for an application?
• What is the correct destination UDP port number for a DHCPDISCOVER message?
• Under what license is Linux released?
• What occurs when a datagram is sent to a 127.x.y.z address?
• What best describes the difference between a process and a program?
• What does Load Balancing do in network management?
• What best describes orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)?
• What is one major drawback of IPv4 addresses?
• What is the primary purpose of a subnet mask?
• Which device is responsible for evaluating and acting upon a packet's Internet protocol (IP) address?
• Which of the following describes the function of a network cable?
• What is the primary function of a digital modem in a telecommunications network?
• Which Open Source mail filter is used on an Apple Mac OS X/macOS server for junk mail filtering?
• What is the function of an access point in a wireless network?
• Which applications are commonly included with Mac OS X/macOS?
• What is a common reason for manually configuring a static route?
• Which of the following is a common sign of network congestion?
• What does the term "active directory" refer to in network management?
• What is the most commonly used dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) channel in broadband cable networks?
• Which troubleshooting utility expects a reply when it sends a message to another computer?
• What does the term "throughput" refer to in networking?
• Which ping option lets you specify the packet buffer size for each packet?
• What is the function of a network controller in SDN architecture?
• Define the term "bandwidth" in the context of network performance.
• What protocol is typically used for sending email?
• What is the primary purpose of subnetting?
• Which component is typically managed through an active directory?
• What information does a router use to make its packet forwarding decisions?
• In a TCP connection, what is the purpose of the FIN flag?
• Which of the following commonly is used to classify networks?
• Why are routers commonly referred to as neighbors or peers?
• What services are generally included in an Apple Mac OS X/macOS server?
• Where does Red Hat store its networking parameters?
• What is the primary purpose of network diagnostics?
• Which one of the following protocols allows email clients to download their messages from an email server?
• A store-and-forward email system will not deliver messages until:
• What type of network topology connects all devices to a central hub?
• Which command can you use to determine the local IP address of your machine?
• What isolates an IP address's network portion from its host portion?
• What does ARP stand for and what is its function?
• What function does the Domain Name System (DNS) perform for users?
• What application allows Linux to share files and printers with Microsoft Windows devices?
• Which command is used to check if another host on a TCP/IP network is reachable?
• Which transmission control protocol (TCP) header control bit represents that the message is initiating a connection?
• Where does the Domain Name System (DNS) namespace begin?
• What is the purpose of load testing in network management?
• If we borrow 3 bits from a Class C network address, how many usable subnets do we create?
• Identify one key advantage of fiber optic cables over copper cables.
• Which HTTP message request allows a client to obtain options and requirements without initiating any actions on the server?
• What does "overprovisioning" mean in a networking context?
• How can an operator find a list of options available for the ping utility?
• How is the Internet protocol (IP) address prefix best described?
• In network troubleshooting, which question best helps you pinpoint potential causes of issues?
• Which component of packet-based multimedia communications is paramount for managing communication sessions?
• Which Layer 2 switch type reads the first 64 bytes of a frame and then forwards it to the destination interface?
• What is the signal-to-noise ratio a measure of?
• What is the primary function of an SSL certificate?
• Which aspect of file transfer may be influenced by the data type of a file?
• Which of the following best describes what a port number is used for in TCP and UDP?
• What is the maximum length for a Domain Name System (DNS) domain name?
• What term describes a device that filters incoming and outgoing network traffic?
• What type of server maintains an access log to assist with troubleshooting and tracking down malicious users?
• What is one disadvantage of static routes in rapidly changing networks?
• What does "pinging" a server primarily test?
• Which two ports are contained in the transmission control protocol (TCP) header?
• What is an inefficient characteristic of synchronous time division multiplexing (TDM) that is addressed by statistical TDM?
• Host names and uniform resource locators (URL) are resolved to Internet Protocol (IP) addresses by which of the following applications?
• Which email protocol enables messages to be viewed without first downloading them from the email server?
• What is the consequence of misconfiguring packet filters?
• What type of address does DNS primarily resolve?
• In which context is "default gateway" primarily used?
• What is the main advantage of using traps in SNMP?
• What characterizes an end-to-end connection in networking?
• What are the primary requirements to connect to a Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) network?
• Which protocol allows a diskless workstation to contact a server and obtain an Internet protocol (IP) address?
• Layer 3 switches do a good job of containing which of the following?
• When an application is sending data to a distant computer, what process occurs on the sending node?
• What information does the ipconfig command provide regarding client configuration?
• When do passive management agents in SNMP take action?
• Which tool would you use to learn the media access control (MAC) address of a computer on the local network, knowing its logical address?
• What are routers that belong to the same autonomous system (AS) called?
• What is generally considered a disadvantage of UDP compared to TCP?
• Which of the following is NOT a benefit of network segmentation?
• What is load testing in network management?
• Which of the following best describes a daemon in the context of an FTP server?
• What is the main purpose of utilizing a VPN?
• What does a high ping response indicate regarding a server?
• In what type of installation is wide wavelength division multiplexing (WWDM) used?
• What is the primary function of a packet filter in a firewall?
• Coarse wavelength division multiplexing (CWDM) applications were expanded to include use in large metropolitan networks, utilizing wavelengths in what band?
• What is the primary function of a Domain Name System (DNS)?
• What is packet sniffing used for in networking?
• What is the main role of a firewall in a network?
• Under what condition may MAC address resolution be bypassed when a client connects to a web browser?
• What is the purpose of a network switch?
• The interaction between processes and protocols forms which of the following?
• How does subnetting improve network performance?
• Which feature is a key aspect of an active directory architecture?
• What is a default gateway in networking?
• What command is used to log each hop to a specific Internet site?
• What is the result of ANDing the IP address 23.176.224.18 with the subnet mask 255.224.0.0?
• What is the role of the Domain Name System (DNS) in networking?
• Which protocol is commonly used for wireless encryption?
• What applications are part of Apple iWork?
• What types of records do zones maintain domain name information in?
• What does the acronym NAT stand for in networking?
• What does the acronym SNMP stand for?
• Which Linux distribution is known as the oldest surviving one recognized for its stability?
• What can be determined from a logical Internet protocol (IP) address?
• Which layer in the OSI reference model is the only layer that adds a trailer to the data it transmits?
• What is the main purpose of using Interior Gateway Protocols?
• Which of the following describes a Class C network?
• Which version of H.323 first standardized communication between PC-based telephones and public switched circuit networks?
• What does VoIP stand for in networking?
• What is the first action the Network Layer must take with a received frame?
• What is the maximum length of a 10GBase-T Ethernet connection using category 7 (CAT-7) shielded twisted-pair (STP) cable?
• What are common issues that may arise when making a file available for transfer?
• Which encryption standard is the most advanced for wireless networks as of now?
• Which of the following accurately describes a bus topology?
• How is an IP address defined?
• What is the role of encryption in network security?
• Which protocol is commonly used for the remote management of network devices?
• What type of issues can be initially identified through ipconfig?
• Which utility should be used to verify the correct DNS server configuration on a Windows client?
• What elements are included in the Mac OS X/macOS kernel?
• What does multicast refer to in networking?
• Which layer of Apple's operating systems hierarchy is considered the most complex?
• Which authentication and directory services does an Apple Mac OS X/macOS server utilize?
• Which protocol type is responsible for sharing routing information within an autonomous system (AS)?
• What component of the H.323 standard is known as the "brain" of the network?
• What is an example of a stateful protocol?
• What primary function does the Network Layer serve in the Open Systems Interconnection reference model (OSI/RM)?
• What is an intrusion detection system (IDS)?
• What typically characterizes the operation of dynamic routing protocols?
• Which method can enhance wireless network security?
• How does frequency division multiplexing (FDM) enable multiple signals to share a common medium?
• What can lead to routing loops in a flat router architecture?
• What role does a patch panel serve in a network?
• In a synchronous optical network (SONET), what is the basic building block having a data transmission rate of 51.84 Mbps?
• What type of protocol is Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)?
• What is the name of the protocol used to inspect or alter management information for a network element?
• What is the primary benefit of network segmentation?
• What are the units called that transport asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) data?
• What type of message does a passive management agent generate when certain errors occur in SNMP?
• When troubleshooting, what does asking about recent changes help identify?
• Which configuration file handles Samba Server settings in Linux?
• What is a common use for a VPN in business?
• What type of delivery method uses an email server between the sender and the receiver of messages?
• What type of data does an IDS typically monitor?
• What is a primary benefit of using DHCP?
• What happens when the browser application finishes downloading the files necessary to display a web page?
• What does the term firmware refer to in networking?
• What does it mean if a network has high latency?
• Devices connected to hubs share the same:
• What is an X.25 network, whether public or private, typically built upon?
• What type of identifier is an IPv6 address?
• Which layer of the Open Systems Interconnection reference model (OSI/RM) processes a device's physical address?
• How do store-and-forward Ethernet switches differ from cut-through switches?
• Which of the following is true about Internet Message Access Protocol version 4 (IMAP4)?
• Which layer should be investigated if packets are arriving at the server but no information is returned to the client?
• Which of the following commands is utilized for DNS lookups?
• What type of network configuration can benefit significantly from an active directory?
• What results when a router's routing information is outdated but it still receives data packets?
• What is the importance of having an IP address hierarchy?
• Transmitting messages from a sending computer process to a receiving computer process occurs at which layer of the OSI model?
• Internet protocol (IP) and X.25 are considered to be which of the following?
• What does QoS stand for in networking?
• What is essential for a packet filter to function effectively?
• Which user datagram protocol (UDP) port address do simple network management protocol (SNMP) agents use to send and receive management requests?
• What is the main purpose of implementing network redundancy?
• In the context of troubleshooting, what significantly aids in identifying the exact issue?
• Which application supports centralized user authorization and directory services in Linux?
• How does network address translation (NAT) assign external addresses to internal devices?
• What is a captive portal?
• Which is the most important step in network troubleshooting?
• What network services does an Apple Mac OS X/macOS server typically employ?
• Which of the following distributions is designed to run directly off a CD drive?
• What is the role of the SYN flag in TCP transmission?
• How do Distance Vector Algorithms (DVA) operate?
• What is the primary function of a DNS server?
• What are network protocols?
• Explain the difference between TCP and UDP.
• Convert the binary IP address 01110011.11001000.00101100.00000010 to decimal.
• Which layer of the OSI model does the IP protocol operate on?
• How does the IEEE 802.3 frame format differ from Ethernet Version 2 frame format?
• Which of the following best describes 'throughput'?
• What defines a denial-of-service (DoS) attack?
• What protocol is commonly used for transferring files over the internet?
• What does "latency" refer to in networking?
• How does a packet filter determine whether to allow or block a packet?
• What does the loopback address in IPv4 (127.0.0.1) primarily serve?
• What server management services are typically found on an Apple Mac OS X/macOS server?
• What does the acronym DHCP stand for?
• In which network scenario is a static route most effectively utilized?
• What are the five steps necessary to accomplish the transfer of information across a TCP/IP network?
• Which protocol is commonly associated with network management?
• What is the Internet protocol (IP) header protocol number used to specify that the packet's contents were created with transmission control protocol (TCP)?
• What is a VLAN and why is it used?
• To which Internet protocol (IP) class does the address 68.56.189.17 belong?
• What type of information does an active directory primarily store?
• What does the H.323 standard cover in terms of multimedia communications?
• What does the network address 0.0.0.0/0 represent?
• Which of the following is a common use of a packet filter in network security?
• What does the acronym SSL represent?
• At which layer of the OSI/RM does a repeater operate?
• What is the Linux shell primarily used for?
• What is a packet filter's reaction if a packet does not meet the security rules?
• What is the potential risk of not using encryption for data in transit?
• Which of the following is NOT typically a factor when transferring files?
• What are the components of the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) client/server model?
• How does a public IP address differ from a private IP address?
• What is the main function of Ethernet in networking?
• What do all computers using the TCP/IP suite have in common?
• Virtual local area networks (VLAN) are typically implemented using which type of device?
• What does borrowing bits from a Class C network impact?
• Why does SNMP utilize unsolicited messages from network elements?
• Why is monitoring network protocols important?
• What does NAT stand for in networking?
• When multiple routes are available for a single destination address, how does the router select the best route in multipath routing?
• With what synchronous optical network (SONET) standard is 10GBase-EW/LW/SW compatible?
• Which tool enables running Windows applications natively on an x86 platform?
• What type of process is located on two computers that perform approximately the same services?
• Which statement accurately describes active directory's role in network management?
• What role do firewalls play in network security?
• In network management, what is one of the key benefits of using an active directory?
• Convert the IP address 172.68.10.2 from decimal to binary.
• Which Internet protocol (IP) packet fragmentation header field specifies where the fragment belongs in the original datagram?
• At what point in the DHCP lease period does the client first attempt to renew its lease?
• Which subnet mask would allow for the largest number of hosts per subnet?
• What is the binary equivalent of the decimal number 136?
• When using NAT, what can external users see?
• What is the primary difference between transmission control protocol (TCP) and user datagram protocol (UDP)?
• Which file extensions are commonly used to transfer image data over FTP?
• In a net mask address, how are the network and host portions identified?
• What best describes NAT masquerading?
• For which purpose is the packet filter in a firewall primarily used?
• Which utility is commonly used as a starting point for troubleshooting TCP/IP network problems?
• Which of the following is a characteristic of static routing?
• Which tool is utilized for monitoring and changing network parameters in Linux?
• What service allows multiple computers to collaborate on a single task on an Apple Mac OS X/macOS server?
• On a File Transfer Protocol (FTP) server, what manages client requests for file retrieval or transmission?
• What is the primary reason to build a virtual local area network (VLAN)?
• What determines the length of a time division multiplexing (TDM) frame?