What are the components of the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) client/server model?

In the context of the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) client/server model, the core function of DHCP involves the client requesting network configuration parameters, which are then provided by the server. This process typically includes a series of messages exchanged between the client and the server.

When a device connects to a network, it does not have a static IP address or other network configuration information (like subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS server addresses). The DHCP client on the device sends a request (specifically, a DHCPDISCOVER message) to find available DHCP servers on the network. In response, the server will send a DHCPOFFER message containing the parameters requested, which includes an IP address and other configuration details.

This interaction showcases the fundamental roles in the DHCP communication model; the client initiates the request for configuration, while the server responds with the necessary parameters, enabling the client to configure its network settings automatically. This mechanism simplifies network administration and reduces the possibility of manual configuration errors.

The other options don't accurately reflect the DHCP client/server interaction. For instance, the idea that the client provides parameters or that both client and server share the same parameters does not align with the DHCP operational model. Similarly, while the client initializes the connection, it is