Under what condition may MAC address resolution be bypassed when a client connects to a web browser?

When a client has recently made a request to the same server, it may bypass the MAC address resolution process due to the use of cached information. Most operating systems and web browsers maintain a cache of recent network locations, including the IP and MAC addresses of previously contacted servers. This means that if a client connects to a web browser and has recently communicated with the same server, it can utilize this cached data instead of going through the usual Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) process to resolve the MAC address again. This streamlines the connection process, reducing latency since the client can quickly access the stored information instead of requiring a full resolution.

Utilizing cached information not only improves efficiency by speeding up connection times, but it also minimizes network traffic by avoiding unnecessary ARP requests on the network. If the client has not connected to the server recently, or if the server's MAC address has changed without the client being informed, a new MAC address resolution must occur, leading to a longer connection time.

In contrast, static IP addresses, server overload situations, or VPN connections do not inherently influence the need for MAC address resolution in the context of bypassing it based on prior connections to a server. These factors may affect connectivity and routing in other ways, but they do not