What is the primary function of a DNS server?

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The primary function of a DNS server is to resolve domain names into IP addresses. This process is essential because while humans tend to remember domain names (like www.example.com), computers and networking equipment operate using IP addresses (such as 192.0.2.1). When a user types a domain name into their browser, the DNS server translates that user-friendly domain name into a numerical IP address that can be understood by the internet infrastructure. This translation enables successful routing of data to the appropriate destination, facilitating website access and communication between devices on a network.

The other options do not capture the central role of a DNS server. For instance, resolving IP addresses into domain names is a function of a reverse DNS lookup, not the primary task of a DNS server. Monitoring network performance is a separate function performed by network management tools, and storing network configuration data pertains to different types of servers or management systems involved in network administration rather than DNS itself.

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