What is the main role of a firewall in a network?

The primary role of a firewall in a network is to monitor and control network traffic based on predefined security rules. This involves establishing a barrier between a trusted internal network and untrusted external networks, such as the internet. Firewalls analyze incoming and outgoing traffic, allowing or blocking data packets based on the security rules set by the network administrator. This essential function protects networks from unauthorized access, potential threats, and various types of cyber attacks, thereby maintaining the integrity and security of the network.

While other components in a network may handle distributing data, encrypting transmissions, or assigning IP addresses, those tasks fall outside the primary function of a firewall. Each of those activities plays its own role in network management and security but does not encapsulate the defining purpose of firewalls, which is focused primarily on security and traffic control.